Efficacy of Different Endodontic Irrigant Activation Systems on Smear Layer Removal and Canal Cleanliness: Comparative Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

AIM: This study assessed the effectiveness of 5 different irrigant activation systems on canal cleanliness and removal smear layer from root canals. METHODS: A total 110 mandibular premolars with straight were assigned to five groups (n = 20): conventional needle irrigation, passive ultrasonic activation, sonic EndoActivator, negative apical pressure EndoVac (EV), or EDDY system, besides a control group 10). All teeth prepared size 40, irrigated NaOCl (5.25%) according respective technique. Roots split longitudinally subjected scanning electron microscopic analysis. The presence debris was evaluated using 5-grade scoring ×1000 ×400 magnification, respectively. Data analyzed at 5%. RESULTS: Regarding layer, EV ED significantly more effective than other (p < 0.05). Activation improved CONCLUSION: No technique able eliminate completely canals, nevertheless, is better in removing third canal.